I would highly suggest browsing the blog Civil War Quilts, which has several posts showing examples of each dye in antique and reproduction fabrics. I have linked her posts under each dye that she has covered.
Mineral Dyes
Prussian Blue
"Prussian blue was very popular in America in the 1850s, and was first used in the United States in the early 1830s. Prussian blue was commonly used in ombre prints, prints which featured a gradation from light to dark."-quiltindex.org
Manganese Bronze
"Manganese dyes were responsible for a deep, rich brown and was often used in floral patterns. Manganese dyes have been used in quilts since prior to 1820, however, they were often fugitive. Manganese dyes are often responsible for serious damage to the cloth and other adjacent dyes." -quiltindex.org
Chrome Yellow
Chrome yellow is composed of lead(II) chromate (PbCrO4).
"[Chrome] yellows were popular in the period from about 1860 to 1880 and were produced, often in the home, from highly toxic chemical dye powders. Chrome yellows are brighter than butterscotch, another popular yellow from the same period." -quiltindex.org
"[Chrome] yellows were popular in the period from about 1860 to 1880 and were produced, often in the home, from highly toxic chemical dye powders. Chrome yellows are brighter than butterscotch, another popular yellow from the same period." -quiltindex.org
Chrome Orange or Cheddar
Civil War Quilts blog post on chrome orange.
"Chrome orange is a range of orange pigments, which consists of lead(II) chromate and lead(II) oxide." -wikipedia
"Chrome orange is a range of orange pigments, which consists of lead(II) chromate and lead(II) oxide." -wikipedia
Best Guesses
Manganese Brown
Le Bon Ton, April 1859. LAPL Visual Collections. |
Magasin des Demoiselles, January 1859. LAPL Visual Collections. |
Chrome Yellow
Le Moniteur de la Mode, 1855. University of Dusseldorf. |
Moniteur de la Mode, September 1862. LAPL Visual Collections. |
Chrome Orange/Cheddar
1865-1875 Silk Visiting Dress. Met Museum. |
1865-67 House of Worth Orange Silk Evening Dress with White Embroidery. (Kent State Museum) |
Prussian Blue
Le Follet, May 1862. LAPL Visual Collections. |
Allgemeine Moden-Zeitung, 1862. University of Dusseldorf. |
Le Follet, May 1861. LAPL Visual Collections. |
Sources:
http://www.quiltindex.org/~quilti/wiki/index.php/Fabric_Dating_References
https://web.archive.org/web/20150316215218/http://info.fabrics.net/madder-minerals-and-indigo-cotton-dyeing-in-the-18th-19th-century/